OpenEducation
CAPS · MATHEMATICS · GRADE 8

PRACTICE WORKSHEET

SET #482913TOTAL: 192 MARKS
NAME:DATE:
  1. Answer ALL the questions.
  2. Round answers to TWO decimal places, unless stated otherwise.
  3. Where a question has more than one possible answer, give ALL possible answers.
  4. Provide reasons for your statements in geometry questions.
  5. Diagrams are not necessarily drawn to scale.
  6. You may use an approved scientific calculator, unless the question states otherwise.
1.
Gr 8 · Properties of operations · K

Fill in the missing number so that the statement is true: 12×(3+2)=12×3+12×12\times(3+2)=12\times3+12\times

(1)
2.
Gr 8 · Real number system (ℕ, ℕ₀, ℤ, ℚ, ℚ′) · K

Which of the following are integers? A) 4\sqrt{4} B) 60\sqrt{60} C) 25-\tfrac{2}{5} D) 0,0909… E) 16\tfrac{1}{6}

(3)
3.
Gr 8 · Factors, HCF & LCM · R

Determine the HCF of 18 and 21 by using prime factors.

(3)
4.
Gr 8 · Exponents & roots · K

Show that 3433=7\sqrt[3]{343}=7

(2)
5.
Gr 8 · Common fractions · R

Write down the reciprocal of 4. Check your answer by multiplying the two together.

(2)
6.
Gr 8 · Decimal fractions · R

Round off to TWO decimal places: 29,326

(1)
7.
Gr 8 · Percentages · C

A farmer sells 8% of his herd, which comes to 22 cattle. How many cattle were in the herd?

(3)
8.
Gr 8 · Integers · K

Calculate EACH of the following, and explain why the answers differ: (a)(11)2(a)(-11)^{2} (b)112(b)-11^{2}

(2)
9.
Gr 8 · Like terms · R

Simplify: 4x4÷2x34x^{4}\div2x^{3}

(2)
10.
Gr 8 · Equations · R

Solve for x: 6(x9)=306(x-9)=-30

(3)
11.
Gr 8 · Number patterns · R

A row of matchstick pentagons is built so that each new pentagon shares one side with the last. n: 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6 Matchsticks: 5; 9; 13; 17; 21; ?

11.1

Complete the table by writing down the number of matchsticks needed for n=6n=6 pentagons.

(2)
11.2

Describe the rule of the pattern in words.

(1)
11.3

Write down the general term Tₙ (the number of matchsticks for n pentagons).

(2)
11.4

How many matchsticks are needed for a row of 15 pentagons?

(2)
[7]
12.
Gr 8 · Functions & relationships · K

The table below shows inputs x and outputs y: x: 3; 6; 8; 9 y: 6; 10; 13; 10 Does the table represent a function? Give a reason for your answer.

(2)
13.
Gr 8 · Expand & simplify · R

Expand: 3(2x9)-3(2x-9)

(2)
14.
Gr 8 · Equations from words · C

Zinzi buys 3 muffins at the same price each, and a packet of chips for R60. The total comes to R168. Determine the price of one muffin.

(3)
15.
Gr 8 · Interpret graphs · C

Dineo cycles from home to the library and back home. The distance–time graph shows the whole journey.

010203040506002468Distance from home (km)Time (minutes)
15.1

How far from home was Dineo 35 minutes after leaving?

(1)
15.2

How long did Dineo stay at the library?

(1)
15.3

Calculate Dineo's average speed, in km/h, on the ride from home to the library.

(3)
15.4

Which was faster: the ride from home to the library, or the ride home? Give a reason for your answer.

(3)
[8]
16.
Gr 8 · Substitution · R

If x=8x=8, evaluate: 2x\sqrt{2x}

(2)
17.
Gr 8 · Financial maths · R

A washing machine costs R5 645, excluding VAT. Calculate the price INCLUDING VAT at 15%.

(3)
18.
Gr 8 · Ratio & proportion · R

A recipe for 2 people needs 50 g of flour. How much flour is needed for 4 people?

(3)
19.
Gr 8 · Problem solving · P

I think of a number, triple it, then add 5. The result is −10. What number did I think of?

(3)
20.
Gr 8 · Data handling · R

The marks (out of 50) of 8 learners in a Geography test were: 23; 19; 24; 25; 12; 11; 50; 12.

20.1

Calculate the mean mark.

(2)
20.2

Determine the median of the data.

(2)
20.3

Write down the mode of the data, and give a reason for your answer.

(1)
20.4

Determine the range of the data.

(1)
20.5

The value 50 is an outlier. If it is removed from the data set, which changes more: the mean or the median? Show calculations for BOTH.

(4)
[10]
21.
Gr 8 · Interpret charts · R

The histogram shows the ages (in years) of the learners at the Grade 8B camp.

024680–55–1010–1515–20
21.1

How many learners fall in the interval 5–10?

(1)
21.2

Which interval has the highest frequency, and which has the lowest?

(2)
21.3

How many learners are represented altogether?

(2)
21.4

How many learners are at least 5 years old?

(2)
[7]
22.
Gr 8 · Sampling · K

A journalist wants to know how the 15849 residents of Tzaneen feel about a new bypass road. She interviews 63 shoppers at the local mall. Identify the population and the sample in this investigation.

(2)
23.
Gr 8 · Venn diagrams · C

Of the 33 learners in Grade 8C, 15 are in set Cellphone and 15 are in set Tablet; 3 learners are in both sets. How many learners are in NEITHER set?

Cellphone (15)Tablet (15)?3??
(3)
24.
Gr 8 · Probability · K

A spinner has 5 equal sectors, 1 of them blue. The spinner is spun once. Write down the probability that it lands on blue, as (a) a fraction in simplest form, (b) a decimal, and (c) a percentage.

(3)
25.
Gr 8 · Financial & rate chains · C

Zinhle is buying a cricket bat from a Bloemfontein boutique. VAT at 15% is added at the till. The shop gives a10%a10\% discount on the marked price. The till-slip total, VAT included, is R683,10. How much is the discount in rand?

(4)
26.
Gr 8 · Finance & rates revision (multi-step) · C

Rico is buying a gaming headset from a shop in Polokwane. VAT at 15% is added at the till. Rico and Lesedi will split the till-slip total in the ratio 2 : 5. The marked price is R4 760. The shop gives a30%a30\% discount on the marked price.

26.1

How much is the discount in rand?

(2)
26.2

Hence calculate the sale price of the gaming headset before VAT.

(2)
26.3

Hence calculate the final till-slip total.

(3)
26.4

Hence, how much VAT is added at the till?

(3)
26.5

Hence, how much does Rico pay?

(4)
[14]
27.
Gr 8 · Numeric evaluation chains · C

Calculate, without using a calculator: (6(6+(8)))×(7+13×9)(-6-(-6+(-8)))\times(-7+13\times9)

(5)
28.
Gr 8 · Data reasoning chains · C

The daily minimum temperature (in °C) in Molteno was recorded over 10 days: −4; 3; −5; −5; −4; −2; −5; 2; 0; 0. Every reading is then adjusted by +1C+1^\circ{}C. On the next day, the minimum temperature was 2C-2^\circ{}C. In total, there are now 11 days. Calculate the mean daily minimum temperature after the adjustment.

(4)
29.
Gr 8 · Geometry reasoning chains · C

△XYZ is similar to △PQR (the triangles are equiangular). XY=7XY=7 cm, YZ=2YZ=2 cm and PQ=21PQ=21 cm. Calculate the length of QR.

XYZ7 cm2 cmPQR21 cm?
(3)
30.
Gr 8 · Transformation sequences · C

On the grid, △ABC has vertices A(6; 4), B(2; −2) and C(−6; −5), as shown. The triangle is first reflected in the y-axis and then reflected in the line y=xy=x. Write down the coordinates of A″, B″ and C″, the final image after both transformations.

xy−6−6−4−4−2−222446ABC
(3)
31.
Gr 8 · Algebra chains (expand, solve, translate) · C

Solve for x: 6x+13=256x+13=25

(2)
32.
Gr 8 · Spot & correct the error · C

Lerato writes: (3x)2=3x2(3x)^{2}=3x^{2}. Identify the mistake and write the correct answer.

(2)
33.
Gr 8 · Always, sometimes or never true? · C

Is this statement ALWAYS, SOMETIMES or NEVER true? Give a reason. "The product of two odd numbers is odd."

(2)
34.
Gr 8 · Explain & discuss (teacher-marked) · C

Amir says every quadrilateral and polygon has at least two lines of symmetry. Use the kite to discuss whether he is right, stating its actual number of lines of symmetry.

(3)
35.
Gr 8 · Multi-step: real life · C

Mr Nkosi runs the school tuckshop and buys a box of 75 chocolates for R300.

35.1

What does ONE of the chocolates cost Mr Nkosi?

(2)
35.2

Mr Nkosi sells them at R8 each. Calculate the profit on ONE item as a percentage of its cost price.

(3)
35.3

By first break Mr Nkosi has sold 45\tfrac{4}{5} of the box. How much money has Mr Nkosi taken in?

(3)
[8]
36.
Gr 8 · Angles & parallel lines · C

Two complementary angles are (4x + 7)° and (2x + 41)°. Calculate the value of x, and hence the size of each angle.

(5)
37.
Gr 8 · Perimeter & area · C

The figure shows an L-shaped floor plan. The outer width is 16 cm, the outer height is 12 cm, the top arm is 9 cm wide and the right side is 3 cm high.

16 cm3 cm9 cm12 cm
37.1

Write down the lengths of the two unmarked sides.

(2)
37.2

Calculate the perimeter of the figure.

(2)
37.3

Calculate the area of the figure.

(3)
[7]
38.
Gr 8 · Triangle geometry · K

The angles of a triangle are 36°, 108° and 36°. Classify the triangle (i) by its sides and (ii) by its angles.

(2)
39.
Gr 8 · Quadrilaterals · R

PQRS is a quadrilateral with P^=103\hat{P}=103^\circ, R^=86\hat{R}=86^\circ and S^=51\hat{S}=51^\circ. Calculate, with a reason, the size of x.

PQRS103°x86°51°
(2)
40.
Gr 8 · Congruence & similarity · C

The diagram shows △DEF and △XYZ with matching marks. E^=Y^=90\hat{E}=\hat{Y}=90^\circ. Which condition (SSS, SAS, AAS or RHS) proves that △DEF ≡ △XYZ? List the matching pairs.

DEF90°XYZ90°
(2)
41.
Gr 8 · Constructions · R

In a construction, EG bisects ∠DEF=80DEF=80^\circ, and EH bisects ∠DEG. Write down the size of ∠HEG.

(2)
42.
Gr 8 · 3D objects · R

Consider a pentagonal prism. Write down the number of faces (F), edges (E) and vertices (V), and verify Euler's formula, F+VE=2F+V-E=2.

(4)
43.
Gr 8 · Transformations · C

On the grid, △ABC has vertices A(5; 5), B(3; 2), C(3; 4), as shown.

xy−6−6−4−4−2−222446ABC
43.1

Write down the coordinates of A′, B′ and C′, the image of △ABC after a rotation of 180° about the origin.

(3)
43.2

Write down the general rule in the form (x; y) → (…).

(2)
43.3

Is the image congruent to △ABC? Give a reason.

(1)
[6]
44.
Gr 8 · Polygons · R

A pentagon has 5 interior angles. 4 of them are 102°, 101°, 101°, 102°, and the last is x. Calculate the value of x.

(3)
45.
Gr 8 · Symmetry · K

A rhombus (not a square) is drawn below. How many lines of symmetry does it have?

(1)
46.
Gr 8 · Coordinates on the Cartesian plane · K

In which quadrant does the point (0; −7) lie? (If it lies on an axis, say so instead.)

(1)
47.
Gr 8 · Parts of a circle · K

In the diagram, O is the centre of the circle. Name the type of line segment AB.

OABCD
(1)
48.
Gr 8 · Geometry vocabulary (angles, lines, points) · K

Which of these has exactly 0 endpoints: a LINE, a RAY, or a LINE SEGMENT?

(1)
49.
Gr 8 · Unit conversions · K

Convert: 8 000 cm3^{3} to ℓ

(2)
50.
Gr 8 · Surface area & volume · R

The cube in the diagram has edges of 10 cm.

10 cm10 cm10 cm
50.1

Calculate the total surface area of the cube.

(3)
50.2

Calculate the volume of the cube.

(2)
[5]
51.
Gr 8 · Theorem of Pythagoras · R

Lerato's ladder is 6,5 m long and reaches 6 m up the wall of a house. How far from the wall is the foot of the ladder?

6,5 md6 m
(3)
52.
Gr 8 · Angle chase (parallel lines) · C

In the figure, ℓ2_{2} ∥ ℓ4_{4}. The transversals ℓ3_{3} and ℓ1_{1} cut the parallel lines. The marked angles are 149° and 56°. Calculate, with reasons, the size of h.

149°56°tmhℓ₂ℓ₄ℓ₃ℓ₁
(4)
53.
Gr 8 · Composite Pythagoras · C

An isosceles triangle has an altitude of 12 cm drawn from its apex perpendicular to its base. The base measures 26 cm. Calculate the length marked h, correct to two decimal places.

gh26 cm12 cmℓ₃ℓ₂ℓ₄ℓ₁
(3)
54.
Gr 8 · Revision scene · C

An isosceles triangle has an altitude of 6 cm drawn from its apex perpendicular to its base. The base measures 22 cm. Calculate the value of each marked unknown, giving a reason for every answer.

rdun22 cm6 cmℓ₃ℓ₁ℓ₄ℓ₂
54.1

Calculate the length marked r.

(2)
54.2

Hence calculate the length marked d, correct to two decimal places.

(2)
54.3

Calculate the length marked u.

(2)
54.4

Hence calculate the length marked n, correct to two decimal places.

(2)
[8]
TOTAL: 192 MARKS
MEMORANDUM · SET #482913

MARKING GUIDELINE

1.
∴ □ = 2 (distributive property)
(1)
2.
A) 4\sqrt{4} (4=2\sqrt{4}=2, a perfect square — an integer ✓)
B) 60\sqrt{60} (60 is not a perfect square — irrational — not an integer ✗)
C) 25-\tfrac{2}{5} (a negative fraction, not a whole number — not an integer ✗)
D) 0,0909… (a recurring decimal, not a whole number — not an integer ✗)
E) 16\tfrac{1}{6} (a fraction, not a whole number — not an integer ✗)
∴ A is an integer
(3)
3.
18=2×3218=2\times3^{2}
21=3×721=3\times7
HCF=3HCF=3
(3)
4.
7×7×7=3437\times7\times7=343
3433=7\sqrt[3]{343}=7 ✓ (matches the given answer, as required)
(2)
5.
4=414=\tfrac{4}{1}
∴ Reciprocal =14=\tfrac{1}{4}
Check: 41×14=44=1\tfrac{4}{1}\times\tfrac{1}{4}=\tfrac{4}{4}=1
(2)
6.
The third decimal digit is 6 — round UP
∴ ≈ 29,33
(1)
7.
8100×N=22\tfrac{8}{100}\times{}N=22
N=22×1008=275N=22\times\tfrac{100}{8}=275 cattle
(3)
8.
(a)(11)2=(11)×(11)=121(a)(-11)^{2}=(-11)\times(-11)=121
(b)112=(11×11)=121(b)-11^{2}=-(11\times11)=-121
(2)
9.
=(4÷2)x43=(4\div2)x^{4-3}
=2x=2x
(2)
10.
6x54=306x-54=-30
6x=30+54=246x=-30+54=24
x=4x=4
(3)
11.1
Matchsticks(6)=4×6+1(6)=4\times6+1
∴ = 25 matchsticks
(2)
11.2
∴ Each new pentagon adds 4 matchsticks to the total, starting at 5 for n=1n=1.
(1)
11.3
Tₙ =5+(n1)×4=5+(n-1)\times4
∴ Tₙ =4n+1=4n+1
(2)
11.4
T15=4×15+1T_{15}=4\times15+1
T15=61T_{15}=61 matchsticks
(2)
12.
The inputs 3; 6; 8; 9 are all different — no input is repeated
∴ Yes — a function: every input has exactly one output
(2)
13.
=(3)×2x+(3)×(9)=(-3)\times2x+(-3)\times(-9)
=6x+27=-6x+27
(2)
14.
Let x=x= the price of one muffin, in rand
3x+60=1683x+60=168
3x=16860=1083x=168-60=108
x=108÷3=36x=108\div3=36 — one muffin costs R36
(3)
15.1
∴ 8 km from home
(1)
15.2
∴ Stop = 40 − 30 = 10 minutes
(1)
15.3
Time = 30 minutes =3060=12=\tfrac{30}{60}=\tfrac{1}{2} hour
Average speed = distance ÷\div time =8÷12=8\div\tfrac{1}{2}
∴ Average speed = 16 km/h
(3)
15.4
To the library: 8÷12=168\div\tfrac{1}{2}=16 km/h
The ride home: 8÷13=248\div\tfrac{1}{3}=24 km/h
∴ The ride home was faster (24 km/h vs 16 km/h) — its line is STEEPER.
(3)
16.
=2×8=16=\sqrt{2\times8}=\sqrt{16}
∴ = 4
(2)
17.
VAT=15%×R5645=R846,75VAT=15\%\times\mathrm{R}5\,645=\mathrm{R}846{,}75
∴ Price including VAT=R5645+R846,75=R6491,75VAT=\mathrm{R}5\,645+\mathrm{R}846{,}75=\mathrm{R}6\,491{,}75
(3)
18.
2 people → 50 g; 1 person → 25 g
4 people → 4×254\times25
=100g=100g
(3)
19.
Let x=x= the number thought of
3x+5=103x+5=-10
3x=105=153x=-10-5=-15
x=5x=-5
(3)
20.1
Mean =(23+19+24+25+12+11+50+12)÷8=(23+19+24+25+12+11+50+12)\div8
∴ Mean =176÷8=22=176\div8=22
(2)
20.2
Ordered data: 11; 12; 12; 19; 23; 24; 25; 50
Middle two values: 19 and 23
∴ Median =(19+23)÷2=21=(19+23)\div2=21
(2)
20.3
∴ Mode = 12 (it appears twice; every other value appears only once)
(1)
20.4
∴ Range = 50 − 11 = 39
(1)
20.5
New mean =(17650)÷7=126÷7=18=(176-50)\div7=126\div7=18
New median = 4th value of the remaining 7=197=19
Mean: 22 → 18 (change 4); Median: 21 → 19 (change 2)
∴ The mean changes more (4 vs 2)
(4)
21.1
∴ 5 learners
(1)
21.2
Tallest bar: 15–20 (frequency 7); Shortest bar: 10–15 (frequency 2)
(2)
21.3
Total = 4 + 5 + 2 + 7
∴ = 18 learners
(2)
21.4
"At least 5" = the intervals from 5–10 to 15–20
5+2+7=145+2+7=14 learners
(2)
22.
∴ Population: all 15849 residents of Tzaneen
Sample: the 63 shoppers she interviewed
(2)
23.
Learners in at least one set = |Cellphone| + |Tablet| − both = 15 + 15 − 3
= 27 learners
∴ Neither = 33 − 27 = 6 learners
(3)
24.
(a) P(blue) =15=\tfrac{1}{5}
(b)=1÷5=0,2(b)=1\div5=0{,}2
(c)=0,2×100=20%(c)=0{,}2\times100=20\%
(3)
25.
Sale price =R683,10÷1,15=R594=\mathrm{R}683{,}10\div1{,}15=\mathrm{R}594 (a VAT-inclusive price is 115% of the pre-VAT price)
Marked price =R594÷0,9=R660=\mathrm{R}594\div0{,}9=\mathrm{R}660 (the sale price is 90% of the marked price)
∴ Discount =10%×R660=R66=10\%\times\mathrm{R}660=\mathrm{R}66 (discount = 10% of the marked price)
(4)
26.1
∴ Discount =30%×R4760=R1428=30\%\times\mathrm{R}4\,760=\mathrm{R}1\,428 (discount = 30% of the marked price)
(2)
26.2
∴ Sale price = R4 760 − R1 428 = R3 332 (sale price = marked price − discount)
(2)
26.3
VAT=15%×R3332=R499,80VAT=15\%\times\mathrm{R}3\,332=\mathrm{R}499{,}80 (VAT=15%VAT=15\% of the price BEFORE tax)
∴ Till-slip total = R3 332 + R499,80 = R3 831,80 (15%VAT15\%VAT added onto the price BEFORE tax)
(3)
26.4
Sale price =R3831,80÷1,15=R3332=\mathrm{R}3\,831{,}80\div1{,}15=\mathrm{R}3\,332 (a VAT-inclusive price is 115% of the pre-VAT price)
VAT=R3831,80R3332=R499,80VAT=\mathrm{R}3\,831{,}80-\mathrm{R}3\,332=\mathrm{R}499{,}80 (VAT=VAT= inclusive total − pre-VAT price)
(3)
26.5
Till-slip total = R3 332 + R499,80 = R3 831,80 (15%VAT15\%VAT added onto the price BEFORE tax)
One part =R3831,80÷7=R547,40=\mathrm{R}3\,831{,}80\div7=\mathrm{R}547{,}40 (2+5=72+5=7 equal parts)
∴ Rico's share =2×R547,40=R1094,80=2\times\mathrm{R}547{,}40=\mathrm{R}1\,094{,}80 (Rico pays 2 of the 7 parts)
(4)
27.
=(6(14))×(7+13×9)=(-6-(-14))\times(-7+13\times9) (unlike signs give −)
=(6(14))×(7+117)=(-6-(-14))\times(-7+117) (like signs give +)
=8×(7+117)=8\times(-7+117) (like signs give +)
=8×110=8\times110 (brackets first)
∴ = 880 (like signs give +)
(5)
28.
Total (after) = −20 − 2 = −22 (new sum = old sum + the new value)
Mean (after) =22÷11=2C=-22\div11=-2^\circ{}C (mean = sum ÷\div count)
∴ Mean (final) =2+1=1C=-2+1=-1^\circ{}C (every value shifts by 1, so the mean shifts by the same amount)
(4)
29.
the scale factor =21÷7=3=21\div7=3 (△XYZ ||| △PQR)
QR=2×3=6QR=2\times3=6 cm (△XYZ ||| △PQR)
(3)
30.
A(6; 4) → A′(−6; 4) (reflection in the y-axis)
B(2; −2) → B′(−2; −2)
C(−6; −5) → C′(6; −5)
A′(−6; 4) → A″(4; −6) (reflection in the line y=xy=x)
B′(−2; −2) → B″(−2; −2)
C′(6; −5) → C″(−5; 6)
∴ A″(4; −6), B″(−2; −2), C″(−5; 6)
(3)
31.
6x=2513=126x=25-13=12 (do the same on both sides)
x=2x=2 (divide by the coefficient of x)
(2)
32.
Mistake: only the x was squared — the square applies to the WHOLE bracket, the 3 too.
∴ Correct: (3x)2=32x2=9x2(3x)^{2}=3^{2}x^{2}=9x^{2}
(2)
33.
∴ Always true.
Reason: no factor of 2 is present in either number, so none can appear in the product (e.g. 3×5=153\times5=15).
(2)
34.
✎ Teacher-marked — accept any mathematically sound answer covering the points below.
Model answer: the kite has 1 line(s) of symmetry — only the line through the two vertices between the unequal sides folds it onto itself.
So Amir is wrong: this shape is a counter-example with fewer than two lines.
(3)
35.1
R300÷75\mathrm{R}300\div75
∴ = R4 each
(2)
35.2
Profit per item = R8 − R4 = R4
Percentage profit = R4/R4×100\mathrm{R}4\times100
∴ = 100%
(3)
35.3
Items sold =45×75=60=\tfrac{4}{5}\times75=60
Takings =60×R8=60\times\mathrm{R}8
∴ = R480
(3)
36.
(4x+7)+(2x+41)=90(4x+7)+(2x+41)=90 (complementary ∠s)
6x+48=906x+48=90
6x=426x=42
x=7x=7
Angle 1=4(7)+7=351=4(7)+7=35^\circ
∴ Angle 2=9035=552=90^\circ-35^\circ=55^\circ
(5)
37.1
Horizontal inner side = 16 − 9 = 7 cm
∴ Vertical inner side = 12 − 3 = 9 cm
(2)
37.2
P=16+3+7+9+9+12P=16+3+7+9+9+12
P=56P=56 cm
(2)
37.3
Bottom rectangle: 16×3=4816\times3=48 cm2^{2}
Top rectangle: 9×9=819\times9=81 cm2^{2}
A=48+81=129A=48+81=129 cm2^{2}
(3)
38.
By sides: isosceles
By angles: obtuse-angled
∴ The triangle is isosceles and obtuse-angled.
(2)
39.
x=3601038651x=360^\circ-103^\circ-86^\circ-51^\circ (∠ sum of quad)
x=120x=120^\circ
(2)
40.
Matched: E^=Y^=90\hat{E}=\hat{Y}=90^\circ, DF=XZDF=XZ (hypotenuse) and EF=YZEF=YZ
∴ △DEF ≡ △XYZ (RHS)
(2)
41.
DEG=80÷2=40DEG=80^\circ{}\div2=40^\circ
∴ ∠HEG=40÷2=20HEG=40^\circ{}\div2=20^\circ
(2)
42.
F=7F=7
E=15E=15 and V=10V=10
F+VE=7+1015=2F+V-E=7+10-15=2
(4)
43.1
A(5; 5) → A′(−5; −5)
B(3; 2) → B′(−3; −2)
∴ C(3; 4) → C′(−3; −4)
(3)
43.2
∴ (x; y) → (−x; −y)
(2)
43.3
∴ Yes — congruent: all side lengths and angle sizes stay exactly the same
(1)
44.
Sum of interior angles =(52)×180=540=(5-2)\times180^\circ=540^\circ
Sum of the given angles = 102° + 101° + 101° + 102° = 406°
x=540406=134x=540^\circ-406^\circ=134^\circ
(3)
45.
∴ 2
(1)
46.
∴ On the y-axis (below the origin)
(1)
47.
∴ AB is a diameter
(1)
48.
∴ A line
(1)
49.
8 000 cm3=8000m^{3}=8\,000mℓ (1 cm3=1m^{3}=1mℓ)
=8000÷1000=8\,000\div1\,000 ℓ = 8 ℓ
(2)
50.1
SA=6s2SA=6s^{2} (a cube has 6 identical square faces)
=6×102=6×100=6\times10^{2}=6\times100
SA=600SA=600 cm2^{2}
(3)
50.2
V=s3=10×10×10V=s^{3}=10\times10\times10
V=1000V=1000 cm3^{3}
(2)
51.
d2=6,5262d^{2}=6{,}5^{2}-6^{2} (Pythagoras)
d2=42,2536=6,25d^{2}=42{,}25-36=6{,}25
d=6,25=2,5md=\sqrt{6{,}25}=2{,}5m
(3)
52.
t=56t=56^\circ (corr ∠s, ℓ2_{2} ∥ ℓ4_{4})
m=149m=149^\circ (corr ∠s, ℓ2_{2} ∥ ℓ4_{4})
h=93h=93^\circ (ext ∠ of △)
(4)
53.
g=13g=13 cm (altitude bisects base, isosc △)
h=17,69h=17{,}69 cm (Pythagoras)
(3)
54.1
r=11r=11 cm (altitude bisects base, isosc △)
(2)
54.2
d=12,53d=12{,}53 cm (Pythagoras)
(2)
54.3
u=11u=11 cm (altitude bisects base, isosc △)
(2)
54.4
n=12,53n=12{,}53 cm (Pythagoras)
(2)